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Yes, a properly created and funded trust can help certain assets avoid probate in California. For many families in Wildomar and throughout Riverside County, a revocable living trust can be an important estate planning tool because assets held in the trust can generally pass according to the trust's instructions without going through the traditional probate process. However, simply creating a trust is not enough. Assets generally must be properly transferred into the trust for the trust to accomplish its intended purpose. If you have questions about a trust, probate, trust administration, or a dispute involving trust assets, King Law Firm Attorneys at Law is located at 34859 Frederick Street, Suite 108, Wildomar, CA 92595. Call 951-834-7715 or contact King Law Firm Attorneys at Law to discuss your situation. How Can a Trust Help Avoid Probate? Probate is the court-supervised process that may be used to administer assets remaining in a deceased person's estate. Whether probate is required depends on factors including how assets were owned, their value, beneficiary designations, and the estate planning documents in place. A properly funded living trust works differently. When assets are transferred into a trust, legal title to those assets is held by the trustee according to the terms of the trust. During your lifetime, you may serve as trustee of a revocable living trust and continue managing the trust property. You can also name a successor trustee who can take responsibility for administering the trust after your death or if circumstances described in the trust require a successor to act. Because property properly held in the trust does not need to be transferred through a will at death, those assets can generally be administered outside of probate. Creating a Trust Is Only Part of the Process One of the most important aspects of using a trust for probate planning is funding the trust. Creating and signing a trust document does not automatically place all of your property into it. Depending on the type of asset, additional steps may be necessary to transfer ownership or otherwise coordinate the asset with the estate plan. For example, real estate intended to be held in a trust generally requires appropriate documentation to transfer title to the trustee of the trust. If an asset remains individually owned at death without another method of transfer, the existence of a living trust alone does not necessarily prevent that asset from becoming part of a probate estate. For questions about how a trust may affect probate in California, call King Law Firm Attorneys at Law at 951-834-7715 or request a consultation online. Types of Trusts Used in California Estate Planning There are many types of trusts, and each serves a different purpose. Two broad categories people commonly encounter are revocable and irrevocable trusts. Revocable Living Trust A revocable living trust is commonly used as part of an estate plan. As the name suggests, a revocable trust can generally be amended or revoked by the person who created it while that person is living and has the legal capacity to make those decisions. The person creating the trust may also serve as the initial trustee, allowing that individual to continue managing property placed in the trust. The trust can provide instructions concerning: Who will serve as successor trustee How trust assets should be administered Who should receive property after death When and how beneficiaries receive their distributions How certain property should be handled if the creator becomes incapacitated When assets are properly titled in the trust, the successor trustee can generally administer those assets according to the trust rather than transferring them through probate. Irrevocable Trust An irrevocable trust generally provides substantially less flexibility than a revocable living trust. Depending on the type of irrevocable trust and its terms, the person establishing it may give up significant rights or control over the transferred property. Irrevocable trusts may be used for specific estate planning, asset-management, tax, or beneficiary-related purposes. They should not be viewed simply as a "better" version of a revocable trust. Whether an irrevocable trust is appropriate depends heavily on the circumstances and objectives involved. Does Everything in a Trust Automatically Avoid Probate? No. The important question is not simply whether someone has a trust. It is whether the relevant property was properly transferred to or otherwise coordinated with the trust. This is why periodically reviewing an estate plan can be important. Someone might establish a living trust and later purchase a home, open financial accounts, acquire investments, or receive other property without considering how those assets fit into the existing plan. When property is left outside the trust, additional procedures may be necessary after death. What About Assets With Named Beneficiaries? A trust is not the only way property can potentially transfer outside probate. Certain assets may pass through beneficiary designations, survivorship rights, or other legally recognized transfer mechanisms. The correct approach depends on the particular asset and how ownership and beneficiary designations are structured. An effective estate plan therefore involves more than simply preparing a trust document. The trust, property ownership, beneficiary designations, and other estate planning documents should work together. Why Should a Trust Be Reviewed? Estate plans should not necessarily remain untouched for decades. A review may be appropriate following significant personal or financial changes, such as: Marriage or divorce Birth or adoption of a child Death of a beneficiary or trustee Purchase or sale of significant real estate Major changes in financial circumstances Acquisition of substantial new assets Changes in family relationships or planning priorities Changes in California law may also affect estate planning considerations over time. A review provides an opportunity to determine whether the trust still reflects your wishes and whether assets have been properly coordinated with the plan. What Happens After the Trust Creator Dies? Avoiding probate does not mean that nothing has to happen after death. A successor trustee generally has responsibilities associated with administering the trust. Depending on the circumstances, these duties can include identifying and safeguarding trust property, reviewing the trust's instructions, communicating with beneficiaries, addressing debts and expenses, maintaining appropriate records, and ultimately distributing assets as directed by the trust. Trust administration can also lead to disagreements. Beneficiaries may question a trustee's decisions, distributions, accounting, handling of property, or interpretation of the trust. Trustees may also encounter disagreements among beneficiaries or uncertainty concerning their responsibilities. King Law Firm Attorneys at Law handles trust litigation matters involving trustees, beneficiaries, trust administration, and disputes over trust assets. If you are involved in a trust dispute or have concerns about how a trust is being administered, call 951-834-7715 or contact King Law Firm Attorneys at Law. Can a Trust Guarantee That Probate Will Never Be Necessary? No estate planning document should be treated as an absolute guarantee that probate will never be required. Whether probate or another court procedure becomes necessary depends on the assets involved, how they were titled, their value, applicable California law, and the circumstances existing at the time of death. A properly established and funded trust can nevertheless be an important tool for reducing the amount of property that may otherwise have to pass through probate. Talk With King Law Firm Attorneys at Law in Wildomar, CA Trust and probate issues can become complicated when property ownership, beneficiary rights, trustee responsibilities, or family disagreements are involved. King Law Firm Attorneys at Law is located in Wildomar, California, at: King Law Firm Attorneys at Law 34859 Frederick Street, Suite C Wildomar, CA 92595 If you have questions involving a trust, probate matter, trust administration, beneficiary rights, or trust litigation, call 951-834-7715. You can also contact King Law Firm Attorneys at Law online to request a consultation. This article is intended for general informational purposes and does not constitute legal advice regarding a particular estate, trust, or probate matter.

Your father just passed away. You’ve said your final farewell at the funeral, but then realize this is only the beginning. It’s now time to start the arduous probate process. Emotions are already running high, but now you’ve realized there’s something wrong with the will your father left. As a beneficiary who was expecting to receive part of the estate, it’s hard to believe you’ve somehow been excluded. Is there anything you can do? Yes, but you must follow strict rules and guidelines to contest a will. What to Have for Contestation You first need to confirm you are an interested pIf youarty—a beneficiary, a creditor with a valid claim, or legal heir determined by intestacy laws if there is no will—with legal standing to contest a will. This means arguing undue influence, improper execution, fraud, or revocation was involved. In other words, you must seek to prove one of the following: The testator (or the person who drafted the will) did not have the mental capacity (was not of sound mind, meaning they did not understand what they own, the value of each item, and who their natural heirs are) to draft or sign the will in question. The testator was manipulated, coerced, or forced under duress into drafting or changing parts of the will. The testator was deceived in some way to change or omit beneficiaries. There weren’t proper witnesses. The signature was forged. An earlier draft was submitted to probate. You have a strict deadline of 120 days from the start of probate to contest a will if you haven’t already objected to the initial probate hearing. Contesting the Will First step, notify the probate court and the estate of your intention by filing a petition. Next, gather the evidence you need to contest the will. Evidence includes, but is not limited to, a different version of the will, medical records, and witness testimonies. If you have objected to the initial hearing, this will you give you additional time to gather the evidence. Once you have the evidence needed, you will enter it into discovery. Witnesses will then be deposed, and you will go to mediation to remedy the situation through a neutral third-party. If the contestation cannot be resolved through mediation, you will then go to court and present your case to the judge. Costs and No-Contest Clauses If you contest a will, it may cost upwards of few thousand dollars (includes court and filing costs and attorney fees) and could take years to conclude. This is one reason why you want to have a solid case before attempting to contest a will. Another reason is when a will has a no-contest clause. If it does, and you lose the case, you can also lose all the inheritance you would have been subject to. If you have any questions about your rights as a beneficiary, check out our Guide to Beneficiary Rights and then contact a reputable probate attorney.

Becoming the executor of an estate is not an easy proposition, especially when you are unfamiliar with some of the legal terms associated with the tasks you will be required to perform. Some of these terms—assets, debts, heirs, inheritance, and jurisdiction—may be somewhat common knowledge to most. But there are some terms that if you do not fully understand, may lead to delays, contestation, or personal financial hardships. Let’s break down the top eight important terms to know when becoming executor of an estate. Executor The executor of a will is the person (or entity) that is appointed, either by the testator (the person who drafted the will) or by the court in the absence of a named executor, as manager of all legal duties in the collection of assets, resolving debt, and distribution of assets to beneficiaries in accordance with the testator’s wishes. The executor must be honest, diligent, and perform their duties in good faith. They may also be compensated for their services. Beneficiary Any individual, charity, or organization, legally designated by the testator to receive assets based on the wishes written in a will is also known as a beneficiary. Fiduciary Duty An executor is subject to fiduciary duty, which is the legal and ethical obligation an executor must adhere to when performing their duties, acting in the best interest of the estate and its beneficiaries. Though governing law may vary across jurisdictions, the core values of a fiduciary—loyalty, diligence, care, and transparency—remain universal. Letters Testamentary Letters Testamentary are legal documents that officially authorize the fiduciary role of the executor, giving them the legal authority to distribute the decedent’s assets. This includes the power to manage assets, pay debts and taxes, and access bank accounts. Abatement The legal process of eliminating (or reducing) a beneficiary’s inheritance when debts, expenses, and taxes exceed the value of the estate is known as abatement. Governed by state law, abatement ensures that all debts and costs are paid before any assets are distributed. Codicil A codicil allows a testator to amend their existing will without rewriting the entire document. In other words, this legal document is used as an addendum to update beneficiaries or executors, revise asset distributions, or void the original will. Ex parte Meaning “for one party,” ex parte is a legal request by one party to seek emergency relief without notifying any other party. Generally, courts will require proof of irreparable harm to justify a ruling on an ex parte petition. Intestate When there is no will or other legally binding document left behind by the decedent, the probate process becomes intestate. This alters the way assets are distributed through probate, as the probate court now becomes responsible for all decisions regarding the estate, subject to the state’s laws of intestacy. If you still have questions, it’s best to check out our Executive Duties Checklist, and then reach out to a qualified probate attorney.

When you agree to be the executor of a will, there are plenty of responsibilities you must take on. (See our 6-Step Process for Probate for more). Here, we break down the three key responsibilities of an executor when managing the probate of an estate. First, Collect the Assets. Collecting assets seems straightforward, but there is a lot to consider. Questions to ask when beginning the process: Does the decedent have real estate? Where are those documents kept? What bank accounts does the decedent have? Is the information readily available? Did the decedent invest in anything? What do those contracts entail? How much personal property does the decedent own? How will this all be distributed? Are the assets a part of joint tenancy or in a trust? (These items are not subject to probate.) As assets are collected, keep a comprehensive budget, ledger, and/or catalogue of everything. This includes all banking information, real estate deeds, bills, phone numbers, emails, and other real property. Stocks, titles, vehicles, and other legal documents must also be transferred into the name of the executor. During this process, a court-appointed probate referee will valuate all non-cash items with fair-market value. Then, Pay Off Debts. Once collected and catalogued, the executor must enumerate and pay all debts before anything can be distributed. This may include credit cards, loans, utilities, and other liabilities. Creditors may also make claims against the estate, usually within four months of appointment unless they were not aware of the death. Make sure to identify assets that are protected from creditors and be prepared for possible lawsuits should you reject a claim. Most debts, including funeral costs, are usually paid for by the estate. It’s sometimes necessary to sell assets to cover these debts, though insurance policies may cover certain debts as well. If assets do need to be sold, beneficiaries must be notified at least fifteen days before the sale and a court may get involved if there is a dispute or objection. Some assets, such as student loans or Medicaid benefits, may be transferred or forgiven depending on the lender, while others, such as stocks, bonds, or real estate, must get court approval before selling. Finally, Handle All Necessary Taxes. They say the only two guarantees in life are death and taxes. Unfortunately, the decedent isn’t immune to taxes after death. There are several federal and state taxes, estate taxes, sales taxes, gift taxes, pre-death income taxes, and fiduciary taxes that must be paid out of the estate before assets may be distributed to beneficiaries. Remember, laws and taxes change constantly so it might be better to reach out to a tax accountant to make sure all paperwork is filed correctly and laws are being adhered to. Insolvency If there are not enough assets to cover all debts, the executor must declare the estate insolvent by petitioning the court. If they fail to do so, the executor may be held personally liable for any taxes or debts that may still be owed.

A living trust, also known as a revocable trust, is a great way for someone to protect their family members from the long and sometimes arduous process of probate. What some may not know is how to turn that revocable trust into an irrevocable trust. What’s the difference between a revocable and an irrevocable trust? When a revocable trust is first created, it can be changed, amended, or revoked (i.e. canceled) by the grantor (or creator) of the trust as circumstances and preferences change throughout their life. However, this leaves all assets that have been placed in the trust open to estate taxes, creditors, and possible litigations. An irrevocable trust on the other hand, cannot be changed or revoked, as all assets are shifted from the grantor to the trust, essentially locking them in a vault that only the trustee and beneficiaries have access to upon the grantor’s death. This protects the assets from creditors, litigations, and taxes, guaranteeing their unconditional passage to the beneficiaries. Any changes to the trust must be signed off by the beneficiary(ies) or the court. What would trigger a revocable trust to become irrevocable? An irrevocable trust can be setup on its own, but if a living trust is created, there are two ways it can become irrevocable: Upon death – The living trust automatically becomes irrevocable upon the death of the grantor. Incapacitation – If at any point during their life the grantor becomes incapacitated, and can no longer make sound, legal decisions due to illness or accident, a living trust can become irrevocable until the grantor is no longer incapacitated. This helps protect the grantor’s assets from potential creditors or bad actors, such as a family member, friend, or trusted professional using undue influence to change, amend, or cancel the revocable trust. What does having an irrevocable trust mean for you as a beneficiary? Once an irrevocable trust is created (or a living trust becomes irrevocable), it secures your rights to the assets. You can also enforce the provisions of the trust and hold any trustees accountable. However, because the trust can no longer be changed if anything should happen to a beneficiary, such as disagreements over asset distribution or a beneficiary passes away before the grantor, modifications can be extremely hard and contentious. Read our article, “ 5 Beneficiary Rights to Know,” to learn more. Asset management through a trust can be tricky, but when done in the right way, it can help protect your inheritance and give you peace of mind. Check out our guide for What Every Beneficiary Should Know About Trusts, Estates, and Probate, and then speak to a qualified estate planning attorney to make sure your rights are protected.

Obtaining the death certificate, filing the petition for probate, notifying beneficiaries and creditors, appraising and distributing assets, and paying off debts is already a lot for an executor of a will to handle. But with a rise in the use of computers to handle most everything in our lives and the increase in second or third marriages, it becomes clear there is a lot more overlooked probate nuances in executing the wishes of the deceased than first appears on the surface. 1. Digital Assets Gathering assets and paying debts used to be relatively straightforward, as most everything was tangible. But as digital assets and the use of websites and cloud services become more prominent, attaining the information for bank accounts, payment vendors, email, social media, music/movie libraries, loyalty rewards, and cryptocurrency can become frustrating, especially when certain elements, such as login keychains, aren’t in place before a person’s death. The executor must also be aware of the wide variety of service agreement terms and privacy laws across platforms, which may make the collection and transfer of digital assets that much more difficult to manage. The Revised Uniform Fiduciary Access to Digital Assets Act (RUFADAA) helps to alleviate some of this discrepancy, but it must be clear in the will as to whom may access and manage a decedent’s digital accounts. 2. Blended Families Other unique challenges arise when dealing with blended families during probate. With more complex family dynamics come more conflicts, especially if a will isn’t updated upon a second marriage or a family member was accidentally removed. The most complicated aspect to be aware of comes in the form of comingled assets. These arise when an asset from the first marriage is sold and used to purchase a new asset in the second marriage without the will being updated to reflect this. For example: John remarries and decides to sell his cabin (which was part of his original will) to buy a new home. Upon his death, the original heirs still expect to inherit the cabin, which is now part of a new asset and his new wife’s inheritance. Other possible points of contestation may include IRAs, retirement plans, life insurance, and the choice of an executor. Best advice: be fair when administering assets, keep a dialogue open with everyone involved, and understand the rights each child/stepchild and spouse may have. 3. Probate Law Changes Probate Law is constantly changing in hopes of helping streamline the process. In 2025, California enacted provisions from AB 2016 that removed the value of a decedent’s primary residence from their overall total asset threshold for automatic probate. So long as the primary residence is valued at less than $750,000, and the remaining assets do not exceed $184,500, you may apply for summary procedures (or Small Estate Affidavits) instead of petitioning for probate. Check out our Executor Duties Checklist to make sure you’re performing all duties correctly, then contact a seasoned probate attorney for more information and assistance in the probate process.

As part of our primer for probate in California, the first step for initialing probate is to file your probate petition. Filling out Form DE-111 is the first step to take in California to appoint a personal representative or executor. Let’s breakdown the initial information requests at the top of the form. The Executor and the Estate The contact information (if not completed by an attorney) will be that of the representative or executor. If not represented by an attorney, write “pro se” or “self-represented” where it says, “Attorney for.” Then, add all pertinent information, including the county, for the superior court for which the form will eventually be filed. The county listed should be where the decedent lived at the time of death, or in the case of someone who lived outside of California, where they owned property. If you are not sure which court to file, check the superior court’s website for a list of probate courts. Just below this information will be where you list the decedent’s full legal name, along with any possible aliases or name variants. What type of probate you’re petitioning for There are up to four options to choose from when deciding what type of probate you will be petitioning for. If there’s a will in place, you will select either a “Probate of Will and for Letters Testamentary” (for wills in which you are named as an executor) or “Probate of Will and for Letters of Administration with Will Annexed” (if you are not named as executor of the will). If you know there is a will, but it has been lost, mark the appropriate box. If there is no will, leave these unchecked. Whether or not there is a will, there are other options to consider: Letters of Special Administrator: If you need the court to appoint a representative because of exigent circumstances (in other words, in 24-48 hours instead of the general 4 to 6 weeks it would normally take to appoint an executor), you will select this option. Possible reasons you may need to speed up the process would be because of an impending foreclosure or to protect specific assets. Authorization to Administer Under the Independent Administration of Estates Act: If for some reason, you, as the executor, need to take specific actions without court approval, you will select this option. Be careful, though, as the will may prohibit this action. With Limited Authority: If you are not planning to sell or deal with real property, mark this box. The rest of this form is relatively self-explanatory, requesting details regarding all aspects of the decedent and the will itself. Answer fully and honestly to all questions. If you need assistance, or aren’t sure about how to answer a question, contact King Law Firm Attorneys at Law, Inc. for a consultation. You may also learn more about the entire probate process by downloading our probate timeline checklist.

Screenshot A lot of things can happen when an executor or administrator of an estate begins the process of asset distribution—asset mismanagement, distribution delays, and lack of communication among them. As a beneficiary of a trust or an estate, you are entitled to certain rights. Knowing these beneficiary rights will help set appropriate boundaries and expectations, ensuring proper administration of the estate. Beneficiary Rights to Notification When a will is in place, you have a right to be notified when the will has been entered into probate, as well as the right to know who has been appointed to manage the estate. Beneficiary Rights to Information As a beneficiary, you have the right to always know what is happening with the estate. This means you have a right to receive copies of the will or trust, ask about your inheritance (and whether assets must be sold to pay off debts), and request periodic statements of account (including detailed reports on assets, liabilities, income, expenses, and requests for compensation). Beneficiary Rights to Timely Distribution & Fair Treatment Executors or administrators have a fiduciary duty to act in the best interest of the beneficiaries. Unless a will or trust says otherwise (and taking the complexity of the estate into consideration), completing probate or distribution of assets should not take years upon years, nor should it exhibit preferential treatment. As a beneficiary, you have the right to expect fair and unbiased asset distribution within a reasonable amount of time. In most states, this means up to twelve months. Beneficiary Rights to Contest a Will After a will has been entered into probate, you have the right to contest the will if you feel it was drafted through undue influence or fraud, especially if it was improperly witnessed or the designated signee lacked the mental capacity to know what they were signing. In most states, you have up to 120 days to contest the will once you are informed of probate. Beneficiary Rights to Hold Trustees Accountable and Remove an Executor At any point in time, if you feel an executor or administrator is mishandling the estate, you have a right to petition the court for a remedy, which may include suing the executor or administrator and asking for removal. Be careful, though, because the court will only remove an executor or administrator if you have a valid reason to believe they are managing the estate in bad faith. This may include stealing, selling property below market value, failing to keep records, or other acts of misconduct. Other valid reasons may include a lack of mental or physical capacity or conviction of a crime. What the court won’t do is remove an executer simply because you didn’t like a decision they made. For more information on your rights as a beneficiary and for real-life case studies, download Your Guide to Beneficiary Rights.

On paper, becoming an executor or administrator of someone’s estate means you’ve been entrusted to take on an enormous responsibility. Some may consider it an honor… but before you accept this relatively unenviable task, it’s best to understand the key factors of what the job itself entails. Key Factor #1 - Understanding the Difference Between Executor and Administrator The executor and administrator basically have the same role to play—assess, safeguard, and distribute the decedent’s assets. The main difference: an executor is named in the will and must adhere to the wishes set forth in the will while an administrator is appointed by the court in the absence of a will or when there is no executor named. ( From here on out, both the executor and administrator will be referred to as an executor.) Key Factor #2 – Understanding the Workload Whether the estate is big or small, the executor is responsible for safeguarding and distributing assets, notifying creditors and other interested parties, paying debts and taxes, filing court documents, keeping accurate records, and defending the estate against legal claims and beneficiary disputes. And that’s just the tip of the iceberg. Handling these responsibilities is time-consuming as well. A simple estate with absolutely no conflicts may take up to a year to resolve while more complicated or larger estates take two or more years. If there’s any consolation, the executor can be compensated based on either an amount designated in the will or by the state in accordance with applicable laws. Key Factor #3 – Understanding The Challenges The executor will face a slew of challenges while administering the decedent’s wishes. This includes navigating complex legal issues, tackling disputes with creditors, refereeing conflicts among family members, locating missing assets (or heirs), and keeping heirs from stealing heirlooms prior to beginning probate. Key Factor #4 – Understanding the Emotional Toll With the heavy workload and slew of challenges inherit in probate, this process can easily become emotionally taxing. Prioritizing self-care and setting realistic expectations are a must so you can properly grieve. Key Factor #5 – Understanding Limitations/The Fiduciary Duty Executors are limited by their fiduciary duty to the estate in what they can and cannot do. First and foremost, executors are obligated to act in the best interest of the estate and defend its intent in all disputes. Once appointed, executors also become liable for any misappropriation of assets or blatant misconduct. In a nutshell, the executor’s fiduciary responsibility keeps them from: ignoring provisions of the will. selling property for less than fair market value. prioritizing their own interest over that of the estate. paying themselves more than the allocated/lawful amount. using estate funds for personal gain. And, as with any law, ignorance does not excuse the executor from a breach of these duties. Remember, even if named as executor in the will, you may request to be “passed over” before probate is granted. For more information and to help you through the complicated process of probate, check out our Complete Executor Duties Checklist.

Grieving a loved one is painful. Unfortunately, the state doesn’t care—they still expect you to complete the daunting probate process within a year of your loved one’s death. But where to start? 1. File the Probate Petition The first step is to file a request to begin probate with the court. Fill out form DE-111, which includes nine main sections disclosing the petitioner and decedent’s information, who the heirs and beneficiaries are, and whether the decedent was survived by a spouse. Additional paperwork to attach to the petition include a certified copy of the death certificate and the original copy of the will, if possible. Check with your county registrar to see if you can e-file your petition or must file with the superior court in person. 2. Notify Heirs and Creditors It is the job of the executor (or representative if petitioning intestate) to inform all beneficiaries and creditors once the petition is filed. This is a crucial step; any missed notifications may delay the court’s approval. All notices to beneficiaries must include the date, time, and location of the hearing, as well as a receipt of delivery. If there is no will, the appointed representative must locate any beneficiaries or find out what happens to the decedent’s estate in the absence of heirs. The executor must then publish notice of the probate filing in a newspaper to make sure all interested parties are informed. A proof of publication must also be filed with the court. 3. Manage the Estate Collecting Assets The executor must document and collect all assets. A court-appointed “California Probate Referee” will also be assigned to value all assets appropriately. Paying Debts Any outstanding loans, funeral payments, utilities, and other liabilities must be paid. Some debts may be deferred or canceled, such as mortgage debts, Medicaid benefits, or student loans, while others may be protected from creditors or covered by insurance. Handling Taxes All applicable federal and state taxes (income and estate) must be paid. If the estate doesn’t have enough assets to pay for these debts, a declaration of insolvency must be made. Remember, if the estate isn’t managed correctly, or debts are mishandled, the executor may be held personally liable. 4. File Reports It is required, in conjunction with step three, to periodically submit reports detailing all activities and progress. 5. Final Distribution Once all assets have been collected, all debts and taxes paid, and all disputes resolved, it’s time to distribute the remaining assets. The executor will file a petition for final distribution to the court, which will include the final accounting report and proposed judgement of final distribution. Once approved, the executor will distribute the assets and submit receipts signed by the beneficiaries. 6. Closure Upon the conclusion of final distribution, the executor will file a petition for final discharge, releasing them of any personal liabilities related to the estate and closing the case. For assistance in completing your probate, check out our Probate Timeline Checklist and/or call for a consultation.

Probate is oftentimes a long, costly process, especially when bequeathing a house. The best way to avoid your home being placed in probate is to setup a living trust. However, some believe the best way to transfer a home to their child without probate is to add them to the title of their home. The problem is the drawbacks far outweigh the benefits. What are the benefits of adding your child to your home’s title? Since transferring a home by adding a child to the title gives the child co-ownership, the  main benefit, as mentioned before, is to reduce probate costs due to automatic inheritance. Is this temporary, upfront relief enough to negate the disadvantages of adding a child to the title of your home? Taxes and costs When adding your child to the title of your home, they are only inheriting half of the current value and half of the original purchase price (also known as the basis) of the home. This means that when the child sells the home, they will need to pay capital gains tax on the difference between the basis and the sale price. And because this action is considered a gift in the eyes of the IRS, you will need to file a gift tax return. To avoid these tax burdens, you can do one of two things: add your child to the title of your home through a bare trust and gift of survivorship. However, due to several government reporting requirements, this can also become extremely costly. File a parent/child exclusion form and homeowner’s exemption. Legal Rights Another disadvantage comes in the form of your legal right to the home. By adding your child to the title any sale or change will need their approval. Creditors Do your due diligence when it comes to your child’s debt before adding them to the title of your home. If you don’t you could be opening the door to a creditor’s ability to place a lien on the property, acquire your child’s portion of the asset, foreclose on the home, and force you to sell. Litigation What if you have more than one child? Adding just one child to the title may lead to arguments, resentment, and long, drawn-out estate litigation. What’s the best alternative to adding your child to the title of your home? A more effective pathway to transfer property is to put it into a living trust. Not only will the majority of disadvantages vanish, but this allows for a step-up in basis, which means the child will now inherit the home at its current value, and upon sale, will owe little to no capital gains taxes. We all want to give our children the best future possible, so before making any big decisions, make sure to consult a trustworthy estate planning or probate attorney to setup the best path for your child’s future.

Knives Out chronicles the mystery behind the death of affluent patriarch (Christopher Plummer). Hidden within Detective Benoit Blanc’s (Daniel Craig) investigation is a family in turmoil – not because of the death itself, but because of how he divided his grand estate in his last will and testament. When it’s discovered that the patriarch has left the entirety of his estate to his faithful nursemaid (Ana de Armes), his kids do whatever they can to convince her to give up the inheritance or steal it in extraordinary ways. This, of course, is not the best way to go about contesting a will. The Correct Way to Contest a Will If the statute of limitations for contesting a will hasn’t expired, you must first petition the probate court (sometimes called a caveat proceeding) evaluated for validity and grounds for contestation so as to invalidate the will and find another way to distribute the decedent’s assets. Keep in mind that contesting a will can be a complex and expensive endeavor (especially if you hire a probate attorney to make sure everything is properly executed), so verify you have all your ducks in a row before beginning the process. Who Can Contest a Will? There are two types of individuals that have standing to contest a will: Beneficiaries—legal adults specifically named in the will, whether it be a family member, friend, charity, or pet. Heirs—individuals who would have a claim on inheritance, such as immediate family, if there was no will upon the decedent’s death or the will was found to be invalid. When Is Contesting a Will a Valid Course of Action? Contesting a will is a valid course of action when you can prove that it was improperly executed. Some reasons why this happens is when: the person creating the will (the testator) didn’t have the mental capacity to understand the contents of the will. a caregiver, family member or friend coerced, manipulated, or pressured the testator into drafting or changing the will (also known as undue influence). Someone forged the testator’s signature. The will lacks the required number of signers, witnesses, and notarizations. There are copious amounts of conditions put on how the inheritance can be received. What Else Should I Look Out For When Contesting a Will? Check with your state and local laws for specific requirements. For instance, in California, family members are all considered interested parties, regardless of whether they are named in the will; and in Texas, individuals with no relationship to the testator may not contest the will. Some states will also accept no-contest clauses or hand-written notes for why assets were distributed in certain ways. Of course, if there is a no contest clause in the will, going Knives Out may be the only remedy. Before you reach that point, though, contact King Law Firm Attorneys at Law Inc. We are ready to fight for your rights and help you navigate the often complicated and time-consuming process. Learn more with Gavels Down, Voices Up - Episode 14: Inheritance Wars: Defending Your Rights and Navigating Contests Episode 5: Last Wills and Family Feuds: Navigating Estate Planning Waters Episode 25: The Messy Relationship Between Death, Divorce, and Your Estate Plan